Deep Dive: Recent Developments in Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia from January 26-30, 2026

The South Caucasus region, comprising Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia, has long been a focal point of geopolitical competition and cooperation. Azerbaijan's recent economic initiatives signal its intent to enhance trade relations, particularly with Turkey and Iran, as it seeks to diversify its economy away from oil dependency. This move may also be seen as a response to Armenia's ongoing security concerns, especially in light of the unresolved Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, which continues to strain relations between the two nations. Armenia's discussions regarding security arrangements underscore its precarious position in a region marked by historical animosities and shifting alliances. The country has been seeking to strengthen its military and diplomatic ties, particularly with Russia, which has traditionally been its ally. However, Armenia's reliance on Russia may be complicated by Moscow's own strategic interests in the region, especially as it navigates its relationships with both Azerbaijan and Turkey. Georgia's emphasis on maintaining strong ties with the European Union reflects its aspirations for integration into Western political and economic structures. This is particularly significant as Georgia has faced its own territorial challenges with Russia, which occupies parts of its territory. The balancing act of fostering relations with the EU while managing regional dynamics with its neighbors is critical for Georgia's stability and development. The interplay of these national interests highlights the complex web of relationships that define the South Caucasus. The implications of these developments extend beyond the immediate region, affecting broader geopolitical dynamics involving major powers such as Russia, the EU, and Turkey. As these countries navigate their interests in the South Caucasus, the potential for both conflict and cooperation remains high, with real consequences for the populations living in these nations.