Pakistan's minister's declaration underscores a breaking point in bilateral tensions with Afghanistan, rooted in decades of cross-border militancy. The Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), which has sanctuaries in Afghanistan post-2021 Taliban takeover, has intensified attacks on Pakistani soil, prompting retaliatory strikes. From the geopolitical lens, Pakistan seeks to neutralize TTP threats to protect its sovereignty, while Afghanistan's Taliban government resists external interference, viewing strikes as sovereignty violations. This dynamic involves key actors like Pakistan's military under General Asim Munir and Taliban leader Hibatullah Akhundzada, each prioritizing domestic control amid economic fragility. Historically, the Durand Line border has been porous, fueling proxy conflicts since the Soviet era; cultural Pashtun ties transcend it, complicating enforcement. Recent TTP resurgence exploits Taliban hospitality, driven by ideological alignment against Pakistani state. Pakistan's 'cannot tolerate' stance signals potential escalation, as domestic politics demand visible anti-terror action ahead of elections. Cross-border implications ripple to regional stability: China watches via CPEC investments vulnerable to unrest; Iran faces refugee spillovers; U.S. monitors for ISIS-K threats. India observes, potentially exploiting Pak-Afghan friction to isolate Pakistan diplomatically. Globally, this tests post-withdrawal Afghanistan containment strategies, affecting aid flows and counter-terror cooperation. Outlook remains tense; diplomatic channels like trilateral talks with China may cool tempers, but unresolved TTP extradition demands presage recurrent strikes. Stakeholders include 30 million Pashtuns split by the line, whose livelihoods suffer from militarization. Nuanced resolution requires Taliban restraint on TTP without compromising their Doha legitimacy.
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