Deep Dive: Iranian diaspora in Australia reports facing threats and intimidation

Australia, as a major destination for Iranian migrants since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, hosts a significant diaspora estimated in tens of thousands, many fleeing political repression in Iran. This community has been vocal in opposing the Tehran regime, especially during recent protests sparked by Mahsa Amini's death in 2022. From a geopolitical lens, Iran's government has a history of targeting dissidents abroad through proxies or intimidation tactics, as seen in Europe and North America, to silence anti-regime voices and maintain narrative control. Key actors include Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), designated a terrorist organization by Australia in 2024, which uses transnational repression to extend its reach. The international affairs perspective reveals Australia's delicate balancing act: strengthening ties with Iran for trade while confronting its malign activities. Recent diplomatic expulsions of Iranian diplomats in 2023 over similar threats highlight escalating tensions. Cross-border implications affect not just Iranians in Australia but diaspora communities worldwide, potentially chilling free speech and activism. Western nations like Canada and the UK face parallel issues, straining multilateral efforts against authoritarian overreach. Regionally, Australia's multicultural fabric, particularly in Sydney and Melbourne where most Iranians reside, is tested by these incidents. Cultural context matters: Iran's regime views diaspora protests as existential threats to its legitimacy, prompting asymmetric responses. Stakeholders include Australian federal police, monitoring threats under anti-terror laws, and community leaders advocating for protection. Implications extend to migration policy, with heightened scrutiny on Iranian asylum claims, and broader counter-espionage efforts. Looking ahead, this could prompt Australia to align more closely with Five Eyes partners on Iran policy, enhancing intelligence sharing. For the diaspora, it underscores the long arm of authoritarianism, potentially leading to increased self-censorship or relocation. Globally, it signals rising hybrid threats from middle powers like Iran, affecting democratic resilience and human rights advocacy.