Deep Dive: Iran says US must drop excessive demands in nuclear negotiations

Iran's declaration that the US must abandon 'excessive demands' in nuclear negotiations reflects a longstanding pattern of friction in diplomatic efforts over Tehran's nuclear program. From the Geopolitical Analyst's perspective, this is part of a broader power dynamic where Iran seeks to assert sovereignty against perceived American hegemony, while the US prioritizes non-proliferation to curb regional threats. Key actors include Iran, led by its Supreme Leader and negotiating teams, and the US under its current administration, with strategic interests diverging: Iran aims to lift sanctions for economic relief, while the US insists on verifiable limits to enrichment activities. Historical context traces back to the 2015 JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action), which collapsed in 2018 after US withdrawal, leading to Iran's stepwise breaches and renewed indirect talks in Vienna since 2021. The International Affairs Correspondent highlights cross-border implications, as stalled talks exacerbate tensions spilling into the Middle East, affecting energy markets and humanitarian conditions. Iran's oil exports remain curtailed by sanctions, driving up global prices and impacting consumers in Europe and Asia. Migration and refugee flows from proxy conflicts, like those in Yemen and Syria where Iran-backed groups operate, intensify if diplomacy fails. Organizations like the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) monitor compliance, reporting Iran's uranium stockpile growth, which alarms allies such as Israel and Gulf states. Regionally, the Intelligence Expert notes cultural and historical layers: Iran's Shia leadership views nuclear capability as deterrence against Sunni rivals and Western intervention, rooted in the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq War and post-1979 Revolution isolation. Persian pride and anti-imperialist rhetoric frame US demands as bullying, resonating domestically to bolster hardliners. Beyond the region, China and Russia support Iran via BRICS ties and arms deals, countering US influence, while Europe pushes mediation to secure energy supplies. Outlook remains tense; concessions could de-escalate, but mutual distrust risks escalation, with brinkmanship defining the path forward. Nuance lies in the indirect format of talks via EU coordination, preserving deniability while testing resolve. Success hinges on sanction relief pace versus inspection rigor, with no side willing to appear weak amid domestic politics.